Abstract Religious Social and Cultural Roots of the Quality Management Of Religion-based Primary Schools. This article analyzes and gives meanings to the religious social and cultural roots of the qulity managements of religion-based primary schools. This qualitative research employed multi-case design and phenomenological approach. Participant observations in-depth interviews and documentation study were conducted to collect the data. Each case in the data was analyzed referring to Miles and Huberman s flow model and Yin s comparative technique was used to have comparisons across cases. The results show that religion-based primary shools have a strong commitment to quality and have holistic and dynamic approach to the meaning of quality. The schools also have quality management ensuing from the commitement and the approach. Quality services provided by the schools emanate from the understanding of religious teachings the services were the manifestation of commitment to the religion an to God. The socio-economy of the urban and midlle-high class is also attributable to the religion and the holistic quality. Quality culture as internalized by the predecessors and transformed by the successors help inspire and motive the school community members to achive the quality.