Daftar Isi:1. Towards a Definition of Representational Competence 2. Representational Fluency A Means for Students to Develop STEM Literacy 3. Similar Information Different Representations Designing a Learning Environment for Promoting Transformational Competence 4. Agreeing to Disagree Students Negotiating Visual Ambiguity Through Scientific Argumentation 5. A Learning Performance Perspective on Representational Competence in Elementary Science Education 6. Supporting Representational Competences Through Adaptive Educational Technologies Instructional Representations as Tools to Teach Systems Thinking 7. Leveraging on Assessment of Representational Competence to Improve Instruction with External Representations 8. Improving Students Representational Competence through a Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience 9. Using Gesture Analysis to Assess Students Developing Representational Competence 10. Assessing Representational Competence with Eye Tracking Technology 11. The Use of a Representational Triplet Model as the Basis for the Evaluation of Students Representational Competence 12. Representational Competence in Science Education From Theory to Assessment